Influenza virus is globally important respiratory pathogen which causes a high degree of morbidity and mortality in Humans and Animals annually. The type A virus is the most virulent human pathogen among the three influenza types and causes most severe disease. Influenza A viruses are further classified on the basis of virus surface proteins, hemagglutinin (HA or H) and neuraminidase (NA or N). Influenza virus attachment to the susceptible cell is mediated by the interaction between the viral hemagglutinin and sialic acid receptors present on glycolipids and glycoproteins on the cell surface, that is the base for drug designing. The main aim of this paper is to analyse the role of environmental mutation on the infection causing ability of avian influenza virus. For this purpose sequences belonging to same part (segment 4) of the viral strain H3N2 were collected from different geographical area for the year 2008 and were subjected to molecular phylogenetics analysis by phylogenetics tree construction. Sequences belonging to same location clustered together hence proving the importance of environmental mutations on infection causing ability. Therefore environmental mutations can be considered to be an important factor for evolution and dominance of strains for pathogencity.
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